Epididymoorchitis

Epididymoorchitis is a common cause of scrotal pain in children and may arise from infectious, post-infectious, or structural etiologies. Color Doppler US is essential for diagnosis, with characteristic findings of increased blood flow and reduced resistance in the affected testis—features that help distinguish it from testicular torsion, which presents with diminished or absent blood flow. Management is primarily supportive, with antibiotics reserved for patients with evidence of bacterial infection on urinalysis. Prognosis in pediatric cases is generally excellent, and complications such as abscess formation are rare.