Journal of Pediatric Case Reports

Fibrosing Mediastinitis

Journal of Pediatric Case Reports · Vol. 1, Issue 2

Published April 1, 2026

DOI: 10.37549/JPCR-26-0087

Eden Johnson, BS1, Richard B. Towbin, MD2*, Jeffrey A. Towbin, MD3, Alexander J. Towbin, MD4*, Jason N. Johnson, MD, MHS3

1 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee

2 Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona

3 Heart Institute, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee

4 Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio

* Corresponding author: Richard B. Towbin (rtowbin@gmail.com)

Abstract

Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a potentially destructive disease that affects mostly young patients who present with signs and symptoms related to obstructed mediastinal structures. Most granulomatous FM cases are unilateral and caused by histoplasmosis infection. Nongranulomatous FM is more diffuse and has varying causes but is thankfully rare. CT and MRI are key in the diagnosis and management of FM, vital to assessing the extent of mediastinal involvement, and essential for guiding either surgical or transcatheter therapy.

Keywords: thorax, mediastinum, infection

Citation

Johnson E, Towbin RB, Towbin JA, Towbin AJ, Johnson JN. Fibrosing Mediastinitis. Journal of Pediatric Case Reports. 2026;1(2). doi:10.37549/JPCR-26-0087.

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